Railway car



April 14, 1925 H. W. SANFORD RAILWAY GAR 1923 r Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 25.

Ami? H, mm 153mm 1 H. W. SANFORD RAILWAY CAR Filed Sept: 25, 1923 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 km 2. I

June *oz kioznaq H. w. SANFORD RAILWAY CAR Filed Sept. 25, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 A ril 14, 1925.

N. SANFORD RAI LWAY CAR Fild Sept. 25, 1923 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Ageri! M, 1925. 1,533,761

- H. W.-SANFORD RAILWAY G R Filed Sept. 25, 192.3 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented RAILXVAY 01.12..

Application filed September 25, 1923. Serial No. 664,652.

N. S-nqrorm, residing at.

To all lllHii/i ff may on lie it known that l, i u citizen of the l uited t 0*, Knoxville. in the county or nnox and Stole oi' leimo-.'= 'cc. have invented a new and useiul luuu'ovcuirut iu- Railway Cars, of which ihc following is ii specificz ion, reference heiug had to ihe accon'ipun drawing.

Tlei invention relates generally to rail- "wt "';tl and particularly to the tin of o curs. 'lhe improvement. includes featim-s of ihe truck fro! axles. axle boxes or hearings in mine, w in which a part, or all oi the wheel e lived on the axles and the ratios rest hr-urings which are supported by the c]: l); and which henn iug's uro sssoriu'toa-i with pedestals.

The ohjocl; of this invention is to provide :1 structure oiuhodving a frame and axle l Of this and wheels so associated as to render the axle hox rec from wheel cud thrust, tho pedestals, taking said thrusl and transniitting it. to thecsr lloor or bod and not tolho axle boxes, the axle hos s thus being free or lloating and fully adapted to keep in alignment h the axles and maintain a hzilanced engagement. with the axles.

Efforts hz'n'e heretofore hcen made to produce self-aligning axle he but. on acmiiiit of receiving end thrust from the wheel, the axle box has not heen free to iuuiniziin its parallel relation with the axle and to hour in a huhiuced w upon tho uizlo.

.\s has horel'oioro liven done in uttcuipls lo produce a scl'huligniug uxh in any construction the engagement with tho :ixhi hox for the support oi the our hotly is on the upper purl; of the axle ho midway he tween its ends.

A further ohjcct of ihe invention is to 'comhiuo with the free axle ho); suitable incans for delivering lubricant into the axl hox, such means being associated with the truck frame and axle hot\' as to he free for movement with the axle hot; and at the some time be suitably protecto" hy the, trucl: l'rmnc.

Tho ports of the fro it. which LilllS protect the lubricating mean also serve to hold the pedestals for maintaining the axles parallel to each other and to space the pedes tuls and the parts to which. the pedestals are directly secured from ouch olhcr at the isl'actory truck and titties and pedesproper distances, whereby a finished truck is formed ready to receive a car body made st; the factory where the truck is made 'or at some other place to which the truck is shipped by the truck manufacturer.

' in the accompanying drawings,

Fig. 1 is a plan of a truck embodying my improvement;

Fig. 2 is an upright section on the line, 22, of Big. 1, looking toward the right;

Fig. 3 is a perspective of one end of one of the longitudinal truck members, said part 'heing shown inverted;

Fig, at is an upright section on the line, l----4, of hi 1, looking toward the lefi;

. Fig. 5 is an iipriglil; section on the line,

of 4%, looking coward the loft;

6 is an upright section on the line (S-7-6-7, of Fig. 4:, looking toward the righ Fig. "i is an upright, section on'thc line, 67-6-7, of Fig. 1, looking toward the left;

Fig. 8 is an uprighhsection on the line, 8-3, of Fl 4, looking toward the left;

9 is an upright, section on the line, 9-4), of Fig. l, looking toward the left;

10 is an upright section on the line, l( -10, of Fig. 4, looking toward the right;

Fig. 11 is an upright section on the line, ll ll, of F 4,1ooking toward therigh-t;

Fig. 112 is :1 horizontal section on the line, 1212, of Fig. 5;

Fig. 13 is a pal spective of thepedestal;

Fig. 1 is a. horizontal section on the line, 14PM, of 4-.

Referring to said drawings, A, (A "arc axles, G, G are wheels homing hubs, G, surrounding the sxlcs. The axles extend through tho pedestals, (l. B, E are two cross plates. Each of those plates is slotted occult out. at ouch end to leave two arms, B", in which are holes, 3", and which arms have outer downward.;.clirected marginal flanges, B. The space between these arms is made right to'bring one of the arms close to each side of the recess, B in the floor,

' B, and the sides of the pedestals, C, and to bring the edge of the plate which is becured thereto by rivets, I:

flanges, I directed downward and placed toward the wheels, G.' The upper flange of each member, .I, is out just long enough to adapt .its ends to bear against the adjacent floor, B, of the adjacent cross plate, While the flange, I is left long enough to be bent iorizontally and at right angles to the length of the member, so as to form a tongue, I extending across the lower face of the upper flange and lying flatwise against the adjacent flange, B9,. and be se- The twocross members, 13 and the connecting members,

I, form a rectangular frame which becomes a part of the truck of'the car. .Near each wheel each of said flanges P, is provided with an orifice, 1 large enough to receive a lubricating pipe, hereinafter described.

A pedestal, C, is attached to each end of each cross plate,B The cross plates being definitely spaced from each other by the connecting members, I, the pedestals are held in definiteirelation. to .eachfother, the pedestals on one plate, B, being on the same axial line, and the axial line of the pedestals on one plate beingheld parallel to the axial line of the pedestals on the'otherjplate. The part ofeach axle which extends through the wheel and. throu h the axle hearing or bearing box is cylin rical and of uniform diameter.' The entire axle is preferably of this form, in order that it maybe made of cold drawn steel, a' process which iseconomical and also affords steel of high quality, whereby an axle of a given diameter is made stronger than can be made of hot rolled commercial steel.

B is the floor of the car-body. In "the -form shown by the drawings, this floor is of wood. Its lower face is recessed at B to make room for the pedestal or housing, C, of the axle bearing or axle box body, D. The upper part of saidpedestal has a 1orizontal face, C resting against the wood floor, as shown by Figs. 4, 5,8, and 9. On the floor above the recess, B is a metal washer plate, B, through which extend four bolts, as will appear further on.

On each side of the pedestal are two lugs,

C, which bear upward and sidewise against the adjacent arms, B*.- Bolts, B fextend downward through the washer plate, E

the floor, B, the adjacent arm, B, and the adjacent lug, C and bind said parts to each other. The drawings show four such bolts applied to the pedestal.

The outer part of the side wall of the pedestal, C. extends entirely around the axle body, D; but the inner part of said side wall reaches downward only as far as the horizontal, middle plane oi the axle.

The inner end of the pedestal, C, has an upright Wall, C", which extends downward to the middle, horizontal plane of the axle and is cut out sufficiently to receive the axle and the adjacentv end of the axle body, D.

C is the outer end wall of the pedestal.-

This has an oblong orifice, C, which per- Inits up and downmovement of the pedestal and the adjacent part of the 'carbody relative to the adjacent part of the axle. On the outer' end'wall, C, is the annular outward-directed flange, C, surrounding the axle. Said flange is approximately concentric. tov the axleand extends'outward over thewashers, H, and around the adjacent end of the hub, G the washers, H, intervening the end of the hub and the outer pedestal wall, 0 flange, C, is sufii'eient'tdleave a. space between said flange on the one hand and the washers and the adjacent outer face of the hub, on the other hand, to receivedpacking to prevent passing of dust and cin to' hold grease or other lubricant. Between its ends, the upper face of the rs an 'body, D, of the axle bearing has a transverse horizontal ridge or summit, D -,'resting against the lower face of the upper wall of the pedestal, C. Said rid e or'summit is transverse to the axle an forms a line onwhich the axle boxIbody-may relatively rock on the lower face of the 11 per wall of thepedestal, this feature contrl uting to making this itself-aligning axle box, such as is already known in this art. The rockin above mentioned-is on a horizontal face. rovision is also made for rocking on upright-faces against the side walls of the pedestal. For this purpose upright,

curved contact faces, D, are put on the outerfaces of the axle box body, said faces, D, being concentric to an upright line cutting the axis of the axle approximately midway between'the ends of the axle box body.

Thus provision is made for a rocking which is equivalent to a partial rolling of the axle The-diameter of the box on the upright pedestal wall against which the axle box-is at the time pressing.

Theoretically, the horizontal diameter of theaxle box through the upright axis to which .the faces, I), are concentric should be slightly less than the space between the adjacent upright walls of the pedestal, in

ingmaterial adapted to prevent the passing of oil and dust or cinders.

The opposite or outer end of'the bearing ently of the axle.

. wea /e1 or box body has no end wall formed integral with said'body. A ring, D surrounds the axle and bears against the end of said body. The main part of said ring is in 'a plane transverse to the axle. Next to the axle said ring has a flange, D, directed toward the opposite. end of the'bearing. also has an outer flange, D which'extcnds over apart-of the outer face of the bearing body. Parts, D of said flange are bent into acircumferential channel, D formed on the outer face Oftlld bearing body. By this means, said ring is removably secured to the bearing body.

In the space around the axle and within thebearing body anti-friction rollers, 1.1,,

placed parallel to the axle and having at. each end a journal, E At the outer endoi' the bearing, the flange D, of the D, prevents the rollers, E, from movout of position by movement:- tonard the axis oi? tae hearing, when the bearing is ren'iore'l from the ax At the opposite or t ng. a retaining ring,

inner end or die be E sin-roam sthe ex and extends between the axle and tbead 'acent journals, li said L ndev, movement of the journals, E toward the ring: beingso proportioned to bearing axis for the dislodging of the rollers w n the hearing has been removed from t e axle.

The outer end of the hub, (i. has 'two diametrically oppositenotches G", which are adapted to-be brought into alignment with the transverse axle aperture, A for receiving a cotter pinll which will serve to prevent rotation of the wheel independ- Next to the outer end of T the hub. a sleeve, A surrounds the axle and is secured thereto by a transverse. cotter;

"ihis sleeve. Ah bears against the adjait end oi the hub.

it will now be seen that-- Wheel thrustiel to the axle and toward the car body '5. ti J i 0t wall. (1'2 and t r to the pedestal. thrnst hem I of 7' and :1. lg 1 edge of the cross B5, and against ice of the Wood floor, above of the cross plate. Thus said end 1 ts st:

L1 i v transmitted, to the car floor or body.

-"Lus the box is left free or floating on the axle within the pedestal and is entirely free to take the rocking movements above described and to move endwise on the axle to the extent permitted by the fixed end walls of the pedestal. the space between said walls being intentionally made a little longer than the length of the axle born This-structure makes the axle boxactnally *self-aligningfreely self-aligning. i-"Ln axle box which receives wheel thrust is not free for self-align Said ring vided with anti-friction nillers', it

ing and can not. bear evenly on the-axle. Parts of the bearing surfaces will be pressed or jannned excessively on the axlflavhemby free turning of the axle prevontedand damagingstrains are concentrated anon pon tions of the bearing.

\Vhilc the drawings show the'axle box prounderstood that-the interior of theaxleQbon may be formedotherwise, .as w-ithwbiiass or w cast iron bearing plates or. faces In such case, the axle box is-still free.in -floating and self-aligning. I

Adjacent each. Wheel, G, a pipe F, forv carrying lubricant cxtends'loosely tl'n'ongh'the orifice, l", of the djacent member. 1. toward the opposite connecting member. L u ntil 'the'middle transrerse nprigh'tplaneof the axle box is reached and then 'turnsflioward the axle box and through ayrelatively large 8 notch, C in the adjacent wall of the pedestal and thence intoj the adjacent 'wall of' tlte axle box, said pipe beingthreaded otherwise well secinedin saidwall of-tho'axle box. On the outer-end. of said pp'c F, is any suitable device adapted for receiving and transmitting lubricant into said: p'i'pcu This maybe a nipple or screw plug .of-Wel known form for connection. with a 'groase gun.' The orificel, and-thenote-lat are to be large enough to allow the pipe; ii: to more to any extent demanded by"thesroclnng or other shifting of thetree or lioating axle box. The orifice, l; is to be iarenough away from the adjacent axle to brn the outer end of the pipe, l out or" the re me 01 the adjacent wheel, G, in order thatihrbrh cant may be injected into the axle box-with out passing" between spokes or ."an-yother opening in the wheel and withonttthe :necesposition'on the axle. This provision will be a matter of much convenience in the opera tion of such cars. At any timexwhendibe car is stationary, lubricant may. quickly be" injected into the four axle boxeswithont regard to the positions of the wheels on-the axles. 4 Y 1 it will now be observed thattheaxlcs an d the wheels and the axle boxeszindthe pedcs tale and the cross plates and the connecting members together form a truck which is ready to receive the car body, and'that such trucks may be made inquantity independently of the bodies and may re'ccive the bodies at the factory where the trucks'are made or may receive the bodies at son'i'o distant place. I In my Patent, No. 1.477.449, dated-Dec. 11. 1923, the outer end Wall, (3*, of'th'e pedestal of this application is omitted and in placethereofa thrus an is detac'hziblyso cured to'the open endof the pcdesta-laand said application claims are directed to to be combinations including the pedestal and the" 1 loo thrust wall detaehably secured to and supported by the adjacent end of the pedestal.

While the drawin s illustrate a structure in which the axle oxes are between the .wheels, it is to be'understood that my inven tion' is 'e ually applicable when the wheels are place between-the axle boxes, these two forms being well-known in this art as interchangeable equivalents. I claim as my invention, 1. In a railway car, the combination of crossplates, connecting. members joining the cross plates, pedestals applied to the cross plates, axle boxes applied to the pedestals, lubricant delivering pipes extending through the connecting members and into the axle boxes, axles extending through the axle boxes, and wheels on theaxles, substantially as described.

2. I-n a railway car, the combination of cross plates having arms, connecting members joining the cross plates, pedestals applied-to the cross plates and extending between said arms, axle boxes appliedto the pedestals, lubricant delivering pipes extending through the connecting members and into the axle boxes, axles extending through the axle boxes and wheels on the axles, substantially as described. 30

,membcr orifices and into the axle boxes,

axles extending through the axle boxes, and wheels on the axles, substantially as described.

In a railway car, the combination of a pedestal, wheels, an axle, an axle box adapted to rock in the pedestal, and a lubricant conveying pipe leading into the side of the axle box and rigidlysecured to said box, substantially as described.

6. In a railway car, the combination of a pedestal, wheels, an axle, an axle boxadapted to rockin the pedestal, a lubricant conveying pipe leading into the side of the axle box and rigidly'secured 'to said box, and means loosely surrounding said pipe, substantially as described.

7. In a railway car, the combination of an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle, means on the car .bottom making engagement with the upper face of the axle box and said means extending between the hub and-the axle box and free from the end of said box to receive wheel end thrust and transmit said thrust to the car bottom independently of the axle box, whereby the axle box is independent of end thrust and is free or floating on the axle, substantially as described.

8; In a railway car, the combination of an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle, a pedestal resting on the axle box and secured to the car bottom and in operative relation with the wheel to receive wheel end thrust and transmit said thrust tothe car-bottom independently of the axle box,the axle box being independent of end thrust and free or floating on the axle, substantially as described.

9. In a railway car, the combination of an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle, a pedestal resting on the axle box and secured to the car bottom and having an end wall free from the axle box and positioned to receive wheel end thrust and transmit said thrust to the car bottom independently of the axle box, the axle box being independent'of endthrust and free or floating on the axle, substantially as described. -10. In a railway car, the combination of an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle, a pedestal resting on the axle box and secured to the car bottom and having an end wall surounding the axle an'dfree from the axle box andpositioned to receive wheel end thrust and transmit said thrust to the car bottom independently of the axle box, theaxle box bein independent of end thrust and free'or oating on the axle, substantially as described.

11. In a railway car, the combination of an axle,'a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle, a pedestal resting on the axle box and secured to the car bottom and having an end wall extending over each end of the axle'box free from said box, one

of said end 'walls being positioned to receive wheel end thrust and transmit said thrust to the car bottom independently of the axle box, the axle box being independent of end thrust and free or floating on the axle, substantially as described.

12. In a. railway car, the combination or an axle, a. wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle, a pedestal making rocking engagement with the axle box approximately midway between the ends of said box and secured to the car bottom and in operative relation with the wheel to re ceive wheel end thrust and transmit said thrust to the car bottom independently of the axle box, the axle box bein independent of end thrust and free or eating on the axle, substantially as described.

13. In a railway car, the combination of an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle, a pedestal making rocking engagement with the axle box approximately midway b etween the ends of said box and secured to the carbottom and having an end wall free from the axle box and positioned to receive wheel end thrust and transmit said thrust to the car bottom independently of the axle box, the axle box being independent of, end thrust and free dent of end thrust and free or floating on the axle, substantially as described.

-15. In a railway car, the combination of an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle, a pedestal restin on the axle box and adapted to make rocking side engagement with the axle box approximately midway between, the ends of said box and said pedestal being secured to the car bottom and free from the axle box ends-and in operative relation with the wheel to receive Wheel end thrust and transmit said thrust to the car bottom independently of the axle box, the axle box being independent of end thrust and free or floating on the axle, substantially as described.

16. In a railway car, the combination of an axle, a wheel on the axle, an axle box surrounding the axle, a pedestal resting on the axle box and secured to the car bottom and having an end wall integral with the body of'the pedestal and free from-the axle box and positioned to receive wheel end thrust and transmit said thrust to the ear bottom independently of the axle box, the axle box beingindependent of end thrust and free or floating on the axle, substantially as described.

Intestiinony whereof I have signed my name, this 18th day of September, in the year one thousand nine hundred and twenty three.

HUGH W. SANFORD. 

